M o rtisin g - m ac h



(No Model.)

L. A. BELMONT 80A. 0. GLOAD. MORTISING MACHINE.

No. 482,224. Patented Sept. 6, 1892.

jaaalrdfielmon Jyred 6? ("load UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS A. BELMONT AND ALFRED O. OLOAD, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

MORTISING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 482,224, datedSeptember 6, 1892.

Application filed February 15, 1892- Serial No. 421.632, (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, LOUIS A. BELMONT and ALFRED O. OLOAD, citizens ofthe United States, residing at New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans andState of Louisiana, have invented new and useful Improvements inMortising-lvlachines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to mortising nachines; and the purpose thereof isto provide an attachment for machines of this type whereby simple andinexpensive devices are made part of the mortising mechanism and are soconstructed and combined that the mortise-recess is trimmed or coredwith rapidity and accuracy, while the chips or cuttings formed by eachcut of the mortising chisel or tool are automatically removed from themortise at each withdrawal of said tool.

It is our purpose, also, to provide automatic devices whereby a channelor recess in the cutting and trimming tool or chisel shall beantomatically opened to receive the cuttings or chips as they are formedand to retain them in said recess as the parts are withdrawn from themortise, said recess being traversed by a clearing-traveler, by whichthe chip or core is discharged from the recess as the tool withdrawsfrom the mortise after each operative stroke.

It is our purpose, also, to combine with the cutter or chisel a plungerattachment pivotally connected to a suitable support and earrying uponits end a cross-head, to which the traveler is connected, whereby theparts are enabled to accommodate themselves automatically to anyvariation in their relative position.

The invention consists to these ends-in the novel features ofconstruction and in the new combinations of parts hereinafter fullyexplained, and then definitely pointed out in the claims which concludethis specification.

To enable those skilled in the art to understand and to make, construct,and use our invention, we will proceed to describe the same in detail,reference being had for such purpose to the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 is a perspective view showing our invention, theattachment being shown as removed from the machine. Fig. is a sectionalelevation, the section plane passing longitudinally through the chiselor cutter from front to rear, the parts being shown at their lowestlimit of movement. Fig. 3 is a similar section, the parts being shown atthe extreme upward limit of motion, the means for connecting theattachment to a mortisingmachine being indicated in both the figureslast mentioned.

In the said drawings the reference-numeral 1 denotes a box or bearing ofsuitable construction, havingpermanent and rigid attachment to amortising-machinein the usual manner. This box provides a bearing for avertical mandrel 2, which is reciprocated by any of the means usuallyemployed for such purposes, such mandrel being-provided atits end with asocket to receive the end of the chisel or cutter and having the usualcollar 3.

Upon the lower endof the box 1 is mounted a ring 4, secured in place bya clamping setscrew 5. From one side of this ring projects a lug 6, towhich is hinged or pivotally connected the end of a plunger attachment7. The latter element consists of a rigid bar divided through its lowerportion into two parallel bars or strips b, one of which is rigid, andthe other hinged at 9.

The chisel or cutter is of peculiar form, and consists of two sideplates or side pieces 10, parallel with each other and united at their.rearward edges by a web of metal 12, which is preferably integral with.the side plates 10. At the cutting end of the chisel the side plates arebeveled off toward the rear, forming two cutting-edges 13, which areinclined downwardly and rearwardly and intersect the vertical plane ofthe web 12, said web being diminished in thickness as it approaches thecutting-edge formed by its lower extremity. This diminution in thicknessis produced by removing a portion of the face of the web lying betweenthe side plates, Fig. 3, whereby the cutting-edge let is caused tocoincide, substantially,with cutting-edges 15, formed by the edges ofthe side plates. The lower edge of the web 12 is usually removed in suchmanner that its cutting-edge 14 is somewhat above two cutting-edges 15.I By the construction set forth a longitudinal chamber or recess isformed, inclosed by the two side plates and the web 12, but open oruninclosed along its front.

The chisel is provided with any convenient form of shank 16 to enter asocket in the mandrel 2, where it is secured by a set-screw 17. In eachside plate 10 of the chisel is formed a slot 18, parallel with the axisof the mandrel 2, and in these slots lies a bolt 19, the ends of whichproject outside the side pieces 10 and enter the extremities of the bars8, forming part of the plunger attachment, said bars being preventedfrom spreading by a bolt 20. The bolt 19 passes through a block orcrosshead 21, lying in and substantially-filling the longitudinal recessinclosed between the side plates 10. To this block or cross-head isattached a clearer or traveler 21*, extending from its point ofattachment downward for a short distance, Fig. 12, and lying fiatagainst the inner face of the web 12.

Projecting from the front of the chisel, just below the lower end of theshank, is a bracketpiece 22, having a slot or opening 23, within whichis placed a snapper-bar consisting of a straight rigid strip 24,supported in the recess or slot 23 by a pivot-pin 25 and extendingdownward so far that its lower extremity is preferably a little belowthe edge 14 of the web. The bar gradually diminishes in thickness fromthe pivotal point 25 downward, but is of substantially uniform width,this latter dimension being such that the bar may easily move within therecess in the chisel between the side pieces 10. It projects a shortdistance above its pivotal point, and upon its upper and somewhatheavier end is formed or mounted a cam-plate 26, projecting upon oneside of the end of the snapper-bar, as shown in Fig. 1, and inclined atan angle of fortyfive degrees or less therewith.

Upon the end of the bracket-piece 22 is mounted a leaf-spring 27, itsfree end engaging the lower edge of the cam-plate 26, whereby the upperend of the snapper is normally thrown toward the chisel, therebybringing its lower extremity against a cross-pin 28, which crosses thespace between the side plates 10 at or near the front edges of saidplates.

Rigidly mounted upon one side of the ring 4, distant about ninetydegrees of an are from the lug 6, is a depending bracket 29, having asmall inclination from a vertical position, its lower end being providedwith a transverse slot 30, within which is adjustably mounted a pin 31,projecting inward, or toward the chisel. The length of the dependingbracket is suchthat the pin 31 lies in the path of the cam-plate 26 andengages the under or lower face thereof as the chisel descends, thepoint of engagement being at or about the moment when the chisel hascompleted its cut, as shown in Fig. 2. Prior to such engagement theforce of the spring 27 holds the snapper-bar in the position showninFig. 3,its lowerv end portion resting against the cross-pin 28. In thisposition it is sufliciently removed from the closed side of the recessin the chisel to permit the chip or core to enter said recess withoutdifficulty. In fact, the snapper-bar aids in the production of thisresult, and it tends to support and retain the chip after it hasentered.

The operation of the device is substantially as follows: As the chiseldescends into the mortise the plunger attachment holds theclearing-traveler motionless, thereby leav1ug the longitudinal recessunobstructed to receivethe chips, as in Fig. 3. As the cut of the chiselis completed, or substantially so, the cam-plate on the upper end of thesnapper-bar engages the pin 31, throwing the lowerend against the chipor core' and crowding and packing it in the recessin the chisel. The

chisel now rises, raising the cam-plate off the ward and rest againstthe pin 28, the chips being so compacted in the recess in the chiselthat they do not fall out to any material extent. The upward movement ofthe chisel causes the clearing-traveler 21 to ride to the lower end ofthe recess in which it lies, thereby removing the chip or core from therecess in the interior of the chisel.

We provide the lower end of the snapper bar 24 with a removable point32, having any ordinary construction by which it may be temporarily madepart of said bar. The tip or end of the point is beveled to an edge toenable it to readily sever any fibers which may adhere to the bottom ofthe mortise. As considerable wear falls upon this edge, it is a matterof convenience to render the point replaceable by a duplicate from timeto time.

What we claim is- 1. An attachment for mortising-machines, consisting ofa recessed chisel, aplunger attachment having one end pivotally attachedto a rigid support on the machine, a crosshead lying in the recess inthe chisel, to which the lower end of the plunger attachment ispivotally connected, a clearer carried by said cross-head, and aspring-actuated snapperbar having a cam-plate adapted to engage acam-pin on the downward stroke of the chisel, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a mortisiug-machine, the combination, with a cutter or chiselhaving a longitudinal recess or channel, of a snapper-bar pivotallymounted upon said chisel and having its point lying in the lower end ofthe recess therein, means for automatically vibrating said snapper-barto pack the de tached chip or core, and a clearer traversing the slot orchannel as the chisel is withdrawn from the mortise, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with a reciprocating chiselhaving a longitudinal channel or recess, of a snapperbar having itspoint lying in the lower end of the slot or channel and capable of alimited vibration therein and means for automatically forcing said pointinward in said chan- {pin 31, allowing the snapper-bar to move out nelto compact the chips therein, substantially as described.

l. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with the chisel-mandrel andwith a box f within which said mandrel moves, of a cutter or chiselmounted in the mandrel and having a longitudinal channel open upon thefront edge and extending nearly to the back of the cutter, a cross-headlying in said channel between the side pieces of the chisel, a plungerattachment hinged to a ring mounted on the box and having parallel armsbetween which lies the chisel, said arms engaged by pins on thecross-head, a snapper-bar pivoted on a bracket projecting from the frontof the cutter or chisel, the lower end of said snapperbar lying in thechannel of the chisel, a campin supported by an arm rigid on a bracketdropped from the ring and lying in the path of a cam-plate on thedescending snapper- 20 bar, and a clearer attached to the cross-head,substantially as described.

5. The'conibination, with a chisel having a longitudinal channelinclosed on both sides and in rear, the sides being beveled downwardlyand rearwardly to form inclined cutting-edges, of a chip-clearer locatedin the said channel and serving to eject the chips on the upstroke ofthe chisel, substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof we have hereunto set our hands and affixed our sealsin presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LOUISA. BELMONT. [L. s] ALFRED G. OLOAD. [L. s] Witnesses:

E. B. WALKER, E. B. HARAUL.

